Description: Dated to the 1890s, this is an advertisement for G. W. Kumler's store, located at the corner of Main and Market Streets in Basil, Ohio, which is now part of the village of Baltimore, Ohio. The store sold clothing, shoes, dry goods, hardware, and carpets. In addition to operating this general merchandise store for 37 years, George W. Kumler (1845-1916) is credited as being principal of Basil's first independent school from 1871-1875, and serving as township clerk, township treasurer, and district school director. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: OVS1837
Subjects: Advertisements; Ohio Economy--Economy--Business; Clothing and dress; Dress accessories; Shoes
Places: Basil (Ohio); Fairfield County (Ohio)
 

Description: These three photographs document A. M. White's farm, which was located five miles north of Baltimore, Fairfield County, Ohio. The farm consisted of a house and several outbuildings. Blue owned 80 acres when these photographs were taken in 1910. This photograph is part of a series of photographs taken by the Ohio Department of Agriculture documenting farms in Ohio. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: Om3001_3623451_001
Subjects: Agriculture; Architecture; Farms; Houses
Places: Baltimore (Ohio); Fairfield County (Ohio)
 

Description: Broadside announcing a "Grand Free Street Carnival and Peace Celebration" taking place in North Baltimore, Ohio, September 21-23, 1898. The celebration was held to welcome home soldiers from the Spanish-American War. The broadside features Uncle Sam with a paintbrush, and announces highlights of the day including parades, a balloon launch, a parachute leap, multiple races, a cake walk, music and other entertainments. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: VFM3492
Subjects: Spanish-American War, 1898; Celebrations; Parades & processions; Expositions and fairs;
Places: North Baltimore (Ohio); Wood County (Ohio)
 

Description: Canal plat map showing a section of the route of the Ohio and Erie Canal through Fairfield County, between stations 1124 and 1215. The village of Baltimore is pictured, and bridges, railroads, stations, locks, and other landmarks along the route are also noted. The map was created under the direction of the members of the Canal Commission of the state of Ohio and approved by the Chief Engineer of the Department of Public Works (variously referred to as the Board of Public Works and the Division of Public Works). The Ohio and Erie Canal was constructed between 1825 and 1832, eventually connecting Cleveland and Lake Erie with Portsmouth and the Ohio River. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: BV4914_013
Subjects: Ohio and Erie Canal (Ohio); Transportation; Canals -- Ohio; Bridges--Ohio
Places: Baltimore (Ohio); Fairfield County (Ohio)
 

Description: Three photographs document vandalism at the Republic Steel Corporation's Warren Plant during the 1937 ""Little Steel"" Strike. The first photograph shows derailed train cars on the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad tracks on June 15. In the second workers are seen replacing the derailed cars. The third shows railroad cars with opened pockets. These 4.5"" by 6.5"" (11.43 by 16.5 cm) photographs are part of a scrapbook maintained by the Republic Steel Corporation documenting events at its Warren Plant during the strike. The scrapbook is labeled Miscellaneous Communications, Posters and Pictures Relating to the C.I.O. Strike of the Warren Plant of the Republic Steel Corporation, Summer 1937, Vol. III. In June 1936 the Amalgamated Association of Iron, Steel, and Tin Workers and the Committee for Industrial Organization (C.I.O.) agreed to a joint effort to organize the steel industry. This led to the formation of the Steel Workers Organizing Committee (S.W.O.C.). Soon after the first representatives from the S.W.O.C. arrived in the Mahoning Valley to begin their organizing efforts. On March 26, 1937 the organizing committee signed a contract with U.S. Steel, the nation's largest steel producer. Six weeks later the second largest steel company in the country, Jones & Laughlin, followed the example of U.S. Steel. Following these victories the S.W.O.C. increased its efforts at reaching agreements with the smaller companies known as the ""Little Steel"" companies: Republic Steel, Inland Steel, and Youngstown Sheet and Tube. Talks between the organizing committee and the steel companies broke down and on May 26, 1937 approximately 25,000 Mahoning Valley steelworkers walked off their jobs from Republic Steel and Youngstown Sheet and Tube. Most of the mills shut down with the start of the strike. However, Republic Steel kept their Warren and Niles plants open using non-striking steelworkers. This led to a number of violent confrontations outside the mills. With no end to the strike in sight, Youngstown Sheet and Tube and Republic Steel announced on June 21 that the mills will be re-opened for those workers wanted to return to work. Fearing the violence that would follow attempts to re-open the plants, Ohio Governor Martin Davey ordered National Guard troops to the Mahoning Valley and on June 22 nearly 2,000 National Guardsmen arrived in Youngstown and Warren. The arrival of the National Guard signaled the beginning of the end of the strike. On June 25 striking steelworkers began returning to work under the protection of the National Guard. The steel companies also began hiring new workers to replace those who remained on strike. Soon the mills were running at near full capacity and most of the striking steelworkers had returned to their jobs. On July 6 the National Guard reduced its presence in the Mahoning Valley and the strike was effectively over. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: Om1619_2587090_056
Subjects: Transportation; Business and Labor; Strikes; Steel industry; Congress of Industrial Organizations (U.S.); Labor unions; Vandalism; Railroads
Places: Niles (Ohio); Warren (Ohio); Trumbull County (Ohio)
 

Description: The Bicentennial barn-painting program was an inexpensive, grassroots marketing campaign that painted the official logo of the Ohio Bicentennial on a highly visible historic barn in each of Ohio's 88 counties. Over 2,000 farmers and landowners submitted their barn descriptions to the committee for consideration. Beginning in 1998, artist Scott Hagan spent five years painting the logos, tailored to every barn's unique character. Typically, the barn owners hosted a celebration at the completion of their barn painting. This photograph is an exterior view of farmland and Barn #19, the 19th barn that Hagan painted, located on State Route 158 between Lancaster and Baltimore in Fairfield County. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL08578
Subjects: Centennial celebrations; Ohio History--State and Local Government; Barns; Ohio Bicentennial, 2003
Places: Fairfield County (Ohio)
 

Description: Map showing Ohio railroad lines, indicated in red along with the name of the railroad. This map was included as a fold-out in the 1950 edition of "Ohio: An Empire Within an Empire." Originally published in February 1944 by the Ohio Development and Publicity Commission, this publication documents "the resources and facilities of Ohio, taking into particular consideration war expansions." Topics covered include agriculture. forestry, mineral resources, transportation, oil, retail and wholesale trade, and much more. According to information accompanying the map, Ohio had 8,482 miles of railroad at the time, ranking sixth in the nation for such mileage. Railroads represented include the Pennsylvania; New York Central; Baltimore and Ohio; Erie; Nickel Plate; Chesapeake and Ohio; Norfolk and Western; Wabash; Akron, Canton and Youngstown; Detroit, Toledo and Ironton; and Pittsburgh and Lake Erie. Railways in Ohio connected the state to surrounding states as well as Atlantic and Gulf ports important for import and export traffic. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: MAPVFM0095_4
Subjects: Maps--Ohio; Ohio Economy--Transportation and Development; Railroads--Ohio; Railroad stations; Natural resources--Ohio
Places: Ohio
 

Description: This coaling station used a bucket elevator made by the Jeffrey Manufacturing Company of Columbus, Ohio. The elevator was located inside of the "arm" seen on the right-had side of this concrete coaling station. It was owned by the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad and located at Deshler, Ohio, 1909. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL01273
Subjects: Railroads--Buildings and structures; Ohio Economy--Economy--Business
Places: Deshler (Ohio)
 

Description: Photograph of a Tom Thumb Locomotive replica from a collection of models for the Ohio State School for the Blind. The Tom Thumb, the first-American built steam locomotive, built by wealthy New Yorker, Peter Cooper in 1830. Copper and others designed the little engine that weighted barely a ton. The locomotive was not expected to succeed on a road with grades and sharp curves, but in August 1830 the locomotive succeeded in hauling 4 1/2 tons, at a speed of 12 to 15 miles an hour, around curves and up grades. The Tom Thumb was built to demonstrate and convince owners of the Baltimore to Ohio Railroad, the first in the United State, to use steam engines. The Tom Thumb is most remembered for its race with a horse-drawn car in which it lost due to a belt slip from the drum that drove the blower. Later races demonstrated the Tom Thumb defeating the horse-drawn car by great distances. Model dimensions: length 14", width 4", height 10". Photograph is 5" x 6.5". Photographs and descriptions of a few models were included in the book "Models for the Blind," compiled by workers of the Ohio Writers' Program. The book was meant as a guide, to be used in the building and study of models, and as documentation of the achievements at the Ohio State School for the Blind. The models were a result of research, design and construction by employees of the Works Projects Administration. Models were made of durable materials to withstand regular usage. The average cost of labor for larger models was $45. A special room was built to store the models where teachers could borrow them to be used in classroom instruction. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B11F02_062_001
Subjects: United States. Work Projects Administration; Blind--Education--Ohio; Ohio State School for the Blind; Locomotives
Places: Columbus (Ohio); Franklin County (Ohio)
 

Description: Five photographs show law enforcement officers involved with activities at the Republic Steel Corporation's Warren Plant during the 1937 ""Little Steel"" Strike. The first is an image of the mill police off duty on June 20. Taken June 21, the second photograph shows the city police, who told the photographer to ""Keep that camera pointed inside if you want protection from us."" The third and fourth images shows the railroad police at the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad gate on June 23. Railroad police are also shown in the last image, taken on June 28. These 4.5"" by 6.5"" (11.43 by 16.5 cm) photographs are part of a scrapbook maintained by the Republic Steel Corporation documenting events at its Warren Plant during the strike. The scrapbook is labeled Miscellaneous Communications, Posters and Pictures Relating to the C.I.O. Strike of the Warren Plant of the Republic Steel Corporation, Summer 1937, Vol. III. In June 1936 the Amalgamated Association of Iron, Steel, and Tin Workers and the Committee for Industrial Organization (C.I.O.) agreed to a joint effort to organize the steel industry. This led to the formation of the Steel Workers Organizing Committee (S.W.O.C.). Soon after the first representatives from the S.W.O.C. arrived in the Mahoning Valley to begin their organizing efforts. On March 26, 1937 the organizing committee signed a contract with U.S. Steel, the nation's largest steel producer. Six weeks later the second largest steel company in the country, Jones & Laughlin, followed the example of U.S. Steel. Following these victories the S.W.O.C. increased its efforts at reaching agreements with the smaller companies known as the ""Little Steel"" companies: Republic Steel, Inland Steel, and Youngstown Sheet and Tube. Talks between the organizing committee and the steel companies broke down and on May 26, 1937 approximately 25,000 Mahoning Valley steelworkers walked off their jobs from Republic Steel and Youngstown Sheet and Tube. Most of the mills shut down with the start of the strike. However, Republic Steel kept their Warren and Niles plants open using non-striking steelworkers. This led to a number of violent confrontations outside the mills. With no end to the strike in sight, Youngstown Sheet and Tube and Republic Steel announced on June 21 that the mills will be re-opened for those workers wanted to return to work. Fearing the violence that would follow attempts to re-open the plants, Ohio Governor Martin Davey ordered National Guard troops to the Mahoning Valley and on June 22 nearly 2,000 National Guardsmen arrived in Youngstown and Warren. The arrival of the National Guard signaled the beginning of the end of the strike. On June 25 striking steelworkers began returning to work under the protection of the National Guard. The steel companies also began hiring new workers to replace those who remained on strike. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: Om1619_2586914_042
Subjects: Business and Labor; Strikes; Steel industry; Congress of Industrial Organizations (U.S.); Labor unions; Police; Law enforcement officers
Places: Niles (Ohio); Warren (Ohio); Trumbull County (Ohio)
 

Description: The first photograph shows the first freight train, or drag, to leave the Republic Steel Corporation's Warren Plant during the 1937 ""Little Steel"" Strike on June 23. The second photograph shows the second drag entering the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad gate. These 4.5"" by 6.5"" (11.43 by 16.5 cm) black and white photographs are part of a scrapbook maintained by the Republic Steel Corporation documenting events at its Warren Plant during the strike. The scrapbook is labeled Miscellaneous Communications, Posters and Pictures Relating to the C.I.O. Strike of the Warren Plant of the Republic Steel Corporation, Summer 1937, Vol. III. In June 1936 the Amalgamated Association of Iron, Steel, and Tin Workers and the Committee for Industrial Organization (C.I.O.) agreed to a joint effort to organize the steel industry. This led to the formation of the Steel Workers Organizing Committee (S.W.O.C.). Soon after the first representatives from the S.W.O.C. arrived in the Mahoning Valley to begin their organizing efforts. On March 26, 1937 the organizing committee signed a contract with U.S. Steel, the nation's largest steel producer. Six weeks later the second largest steel company in the country, Jones & Laughlin, followed the example of U.S. Steel. Following these victories the S.W.O.C. increased its efforts at reaching agreements with the smaller companies known as the ""Little Steel"" companies: Republic Steel, Inland Steel, and Youngstown Sheet and Tube. Talks between the organizing committee and the steel companies broke down and on May 26, 1937 approximately 25,000 Mahoning Valley steelworkers walked off their jobs from Republic Steel and Youngstown Sheet and Tube. Most of the mills shut down with the start of the strike. However, Republic Steel kept their Warren and Niles plants open using non-striking steelworkers. This led to a number of violent confrontations outside the mills. With no end to the strike in sight, Youngstown Sheet and Tube and Republic Steel announced on June 21 that the mills will be re-opened for those workers wanted to return to work. Fearing the violence that would follow attempts to re-open the plants, Ohio Governor Martin Davey ordered National Guard troops to the Mahoning Valley and on June 22 nearly 2,000 National Guardsmen arrived in Youngstown and Warren. The arrival of the National Guard signaled the beginning of the end of the strike. On June 25 striking steelworkers began returning to work under the protection of the National Guard. The steel companies also began hiring new workers to replace those who remained on strike. Soon the mills were running at near full capacity and most of the striking steelworkers had returned to their jobs. On July 6 the National Guard reduced its presence in the Mahoning Valley and the strike was effectively over. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: Om1619_2586888_026
Subjects: Transportation; Business and Labor; Strikes; Steel industry; Congress of Industrial Organizations (U.S.); Labor unions; Railroads
Places: Niles (Ohio); Warren (Ohio); Trumbull County (Ohio)
 

Description: Photograph of a Tom Thumb Locomotive replica from a collection of models for the Ohio State School for the Blind. The Tom Thumb, the first-American built steam locomotive, built by wealthy New Yorker, Peter Cooper in 1830. Copper and others designed the little engine that weighted barely a ton. The locomotive was not expected to succeed on a road with grades and sharp curves, but in August 1830 the locomotive succeeded in hauling 4 1/2 tons, at a speed of 12 to 15 miles an hour, around curves and up grades. The Tom Thumb was built to demonstrate and convince owners of the Baltimore to Ohio Railroad, the first in the United State, to use steam engines. The Tom Thumb is most remembered for its race with a horse-drawn car in which it lost due to a belt slip from the drum that drove the blower. Later races demonstrated the Tom Thumb defeating the horse-drawn car by great distances. Model dimensions: length 14", width 4", height 10". Photographs and descriptions of a few models were included in the book "Models for the Blind," compiled by workers of the Ohio Writers' Program. The book was meant as a guide, to be used in the building and study of models, and as documentation of the achievements at the Ohio State School for the Blind. The models were a result of research, design and construction by employees of the Works Projects Administration. Models were made of durable materials to withstand regular usage. The average cost of labor for larger models was $45. A special room was built to store the models where teachers could borrow them to be used in classroom instruction. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B11F02_013_001
Subjects: United States. Work Projects Administration; Blind--Education--Ohio; Ohio State School for the Blind; Locomotives
Places: Columbus (Ohio); Franklin County (Ohio)